1. Periodicals
Doyle, W. (1977). Learning the classroom environment: An
ecological analysis. _Journal of Teacher Education,
28_, 51-55.
2. Books
a. Entire books
Bishop, A. J. , & Whitfield, R. C. (1982). _Situations in
teaching_. London: McGraw-Hill.
b. Article or chapter within a book
Heath, S. B. (1989). The learner as culture member, In M.
L. Rice & R. L. Schiefelbusch (Eds.), _The teachability
of language_ (pp. 333-350). Toronto: Paul H. Brookes.
3. Technical and research reports
Cummins, J. (1981). The role of primary language
development in promoting educational success for
language minority students. In California State
Department of Education (Ed.), _Schooling and language
minority students: A theoretical framework_. Los
Angeles: California State University, Evaluation,
Dissemination, and Assessment Center.
4. Proceedings of Meetings and Symposiums
Olson, D. R., & Hildyard, A. (1980). _Literacy and the
comprehension of literal meaning_. Paper presented at
the Conference on the Development and Use of Writing
Systems, Biefefeld, Germany.
5. Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
Besnier, N. (1986). _Spoken and written registers in a
restricted-literacy setting_. Unpublished doctoral
dissertation, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles.
6. Unpublished Manuscripts and Publications of Limited Circulation
Parry, J. (1982). _Popular attitudes towards Hindu
religious texts_. Unpublished manuscript.
7. Translations and Non-English Text
Translation:
Freud, S. (1920). _A general introduction to psychoanalysis_
(J. Riviere, Trans.). New York: Pocket Books.
Non-English Text:
Raynaud de Lage, G. (1975). _Introduction a l'ancien francais_
(9e ed.). [_Introduction to Old French_ (9th ed.)].
Paris: Societe d'Edition d'Enseignement Superieur.
8. Reviews and Interviews
Reviews should indicate the medium (book, film, etc.) being
reviewed within the bracketed information.
Book review:
Rea, P.M. (1984). [Review of the book _Issues in Language Testing_
by Charles Alderson and Arthur Hughes, Eds.]. _Language
Learning 34, 3_, 175-188.
Published interview:
Smith, D. (1990). [Interview with Wu Leong]. _English
Yesterday 10, 5_, 57-90.
9. Nonprint Media
Film:
Kirosawa, A. (Director & Producer). (1970). _Dodes 'kaden_
[Film]. Tokyo: Films Ltd.
Audio Recording:
Carter, B. (Speaker). (1977). _The growth of English_
(Cassette Recording No. 222). New York: Audio
Associates.
10. Electronic Media
Computer Programs:
Sandford, J.A. & Browne, R.J. (1985). Captain's log:
Cognitive Training System (Version 1.0) [Computer
program]. Indianapolis: Psychological Software
Services, Inc.
Online databases:
_The educational directory_ [Online]. (1992). Available:
Knoledge Index File: The Educational Directory (EDUC6).
Abstract on CD-ROM
Author, I. (date.) Title of article [CD-ROM]. _Title of Journal,
xx_, xx-xx. Abstract from: Source and retrieval number.
FTP, Telnet, Gopher, WWW
The general format for online information is, where 'xx' indicates
volume or issue number:
Author, I. (date). Title of article. _Name of Periodical_
[On-line serial], _xx_. Available: Specify path (or url).
The path should indicate via what retrieval method the information
is available. For example:
Available: Anonymous FTP: princeton.edu Directory: pub/harnad
File: Sample.txt
For an article available from a Listserv, use the following
citation format
Available: E-mail: listserv@cmsa.berkeley.edu Message: Get
TESLEJ-L APAGUIDE
To cite personal E-mail messages:
General format:
Author (Year, month day). _Subject of message_
[E-mail to receiver's name], [Online].
Available E-mail: receiver's E-mail address.
Example:
Corio, R. (1994, June 1). _APA Guide deadline_
[e-mail to Margaret E. Sokolik],
[Online]. Available e-mail:
msokolik@uclink.berkeley.edu.